UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
| x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended February 28, 2007
OR
| ¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 1-11758
Morgan Stanley
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
| Delaware | 36-3145972 | |
| (State of Incorporation) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
|
1585 Broadway New York, NY |
10036 | |
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) |
(Zip Code) | |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 761-4000
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
|
Large Accelerated Filer x |
Accelerated Filer ¨ | Non-Accelerated Filer ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
As of March 31, 2007, there were 1,053,930,564 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding.
INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
Quarter Ended February 28, 2007
| Page | ||||
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Part I—Financial Information |
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Item 1. |
Financial Statements (unaudited) |
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition—February 28, 2007 and November 30, 2006 |
1 | |||
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income—Three Months Ended February 28, 2007 and 2006 |
3 | |||
| 4 | ||||
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—Three Months Ended February 28, 2007 and 2006 |
5 | |||
| 6 | ||||
| 42 | ||||
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Item 2. |
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
43 | ||
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Item 3. |
81 | |||
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Item 4. |
88 | |||
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Part II—Other Information |
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Item 1. |
89 | |||
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Item 1A. |
90 | |||
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Item 2. |
90 | |||
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Item 6. |
91 | |||
| i | ![]() |
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
Morgan Stanley files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). You may read and copy any document we file with the SEC at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for information on the public reference room. The SEC maintains an internet site that contains annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy and information statements and other information that issuers (including Morgan Stanley) file electronically with the SEC. Morgan Stanley’s electronic SEC filings are available to the public at the SEC’s internet site, www.sec.gov.
Morgan Stanley’s internet site is www.morganstanley.com. You can access Morgan Stanley’s Investor Relations webpage at www.morganstanley.com/about/ir. Morgan Stanley makes available free of charge, on or through our Investor Relations webpage, its proxy statements, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Morgan Stanley also makes available, through its Investor Relations webpage, via a link to the SEC’s internet site, statements of beneficial ownership of Morgan Stanley’s equity securities filed by its directors, officers, 10% or greater shareholders and others under Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
Morgan Stanley has a Corporate Governance webpage. You can access information about Morgan Stanley’s corporate governance at www.morganstanley.com/about/company/governance. Morgan Stanley posts the following on its Corporate Governance webpage:
| • |
Composite Certificate of Incorporation; |
| • |
Bylaws; |
| • |
Charters for our Audit Committee, Compensation, Management Development and Succession Committee and Nominating and Governance Committee; |
| • |
Corporate Governance Policies; |
| • |
Policy Regarding Communication with the Board of Directors; |
| • |
Policy Regarding Director Candidates Recommended by Shareholders; |
| • |
Policy Regarding Corporate Political Contributions; |
| • |
Policy Regarding Shareholder Rights Plan; |
| • |
Code of Ethics and Business Conduct; and |
| • |
Integrity Hotline. |
Morgan Stanley’s Code of Ethics and Business Conduct applies to all directors, officers and employees, including its Chief Executive Officer, its Chief Financial Officer and its Controller and Principal Accounting Officer. Morgan Stanley will post any amendments to the Code of Ethics and Business Conduct and any waivers that are required to be disclosed by the rules of either the SEC or the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. (“NYSE”) on its internet site. You can request a copy of these documents, excluding exhibits, at no cost, by contacting Investor Relations, 1585 Broadway, New York, NY 10036 (212-761-4000). The information on Morgan Stanley’s internet site is not incorporated by reference into this report.
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ii |
Item 1.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(dollars in millions, except share data)
| February 28, 2007 |
November 30, 2006 | |||||
| (unaudited) | ||||||
|
Assets |
||||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 16,636 | $ | 20,606 | ||
|
Cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations or segregated under federal and other regulations or requirements (including securities at fair value of $10,189 at February 28, 2007 and $8,648 at November 30, 2006) |
35,739 | 29,565 | ||||
|
Financial instruments owned (approximately $136 billion and $125 billion were pledged to various parties at February 28, 2007 and November 30, 2006, respectively): |
||||||
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U.S. government and agency securities |
42,569 | 39,352 | ||||
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Other sovereign government obligations |
32,349 | 27,305 | ||||
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Corporate and other debt |
181,963 | 169,664 | ||||
|
Corporate equities |
97,082 | 86,058 | ||||
|
Derivative contracts |
50,952 | 55,443 | ||||
|
Physical commodities |
2,839 | 3,031 | ||||
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Total financial instruments owned |
407,754 | 380,853 | ||||
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Securities received as collateral |
82,684 | 64,588 | ||||
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Collateralized agreements: |
||||||
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Securities purchased under agreements to resell |
192,038 | 174,866 | ||||
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Securities borrowed |
277,093 | 299,631 | ||||
|
Receivables: |
||||||
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Consumer loans (net of allowances of $790 at February 28, 2007 and $831 at November 30, 2006) |
22,429 | 24,173 | ||||
|
Customers |
90,320 | 82,931 | ||||
|
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations |
14,426 | 7,633 | ||||
|
Fees, interest and other |
11,087 | 9,700 | ||||
|
Office facilities and other equipment, at cost (net of accumulated depreciation of $3,790 at February 28, 2007 and $3,645 at November 30, 2006) |
4,313 | 4,086 | ||||
|
Goodwill |
3,131 | 2,792 | ||||
|
Intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization of $137 million at February 28, 2007 and $109 million at November 30, 2006) |
1,131 | 651 | ||||
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Other assets |
23,280 | 19,117 | ||||
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Total assets |
$ | 1,182,061 | $ | 1,121,192 | ||
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1 |
MORGAN STANLEY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION—(Continued)
(dollars in millions, except share data)
| February 28, 2007 |
November 30, 2006 |
|||||||
| (unaudited) | ||||||||
|
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity |
||||||||
|
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings |
$ | 33,829 | $ | 29,092 | ||||
|
Deposits |
37,313 | 28,343 | ||||||
|
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased: |
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U.S. government and agency securities |
18,062 | 26,168 | ||||||
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Other sovereign government obligations |
26,192 | 28,961 | ||||||
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Corporate and other debt |
8,436 | 10,336 | ||||||
|
Corporate equities |
52,086 | 59,399 | ||||||
|
Derivative contracts |
51,574 | 57,491 | ||||||
|
Physical commodities |
1,457 | 764 | ||||||
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Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased |
157,807 | 183,119 | ||||||
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Obligation to return securities received as collateral |
82,684 | 64,588 | ||||||
|
Collateralized financings: |
||||||||
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Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
288,672 | 267,566 | ||||||
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Securities loaned |
161,839 | 150,257 | ||||||
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Other secured financings |
51,594 | 45,556 | ||||||
|
Payables: |
||||||||
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Customers |
132,980 | 134,907 | ||||||
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Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations |
8,806 | 7,635 | ||||||
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Interest and dividends |
4,687 | 4,746 | ||||||
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Other liabilities and accrued expenses |
24,063 | 24,975 | ||||||
|
Long-term borrowings |
159,833 | 144,978 | ||||||
| 1,144,107 | 1,085,762 | |||||||
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Capital Units |
— | 66 | ||||||
|
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||||
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Shareholders’ equity: |
||||||||
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Preferred stock |
1,100 | 1,100 | ||||||
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Common stock, $0.01 par value; |
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Shares authorized: 3,500,000,000 at
February 28, 2007 and |
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Shares issued: 1,211,701,552 at
February 28, 2007 and |
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Shares outstanding: 1,061,644,077 at
February 28, 2007 and |
12 | 12 | ||||||
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Paid-in capital |
2,084 | 2,213 | ||||||
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Retained earnings |
43,975 | 41,422 | ||||||
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Employee stock trust |
5,773 | 4,315 | ||||||
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(127 | ) | (35 | ) | ||||
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Common stock held in treasury, at cost, $0.01 par value; |
||||||||
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150,057,475 shares at February 28, 2007 and 162,824,546 shares at November 30, 2006 |
(9,090 | ) | (9,348 | ) | ||||
|
Common stock issued to employee trust |
(5,773 | ) | (4,315 | ) | ||||
|
Total shareholders’ equity |
37,954 | 35,364 | ||||||
|
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity |
$ | 1,182,061 | $ | 1,121,192 | ||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
| 2 | ![]() |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(dollars in millions, except share and per share data)
| Three Months
Ended February 28, |
||||||||
| 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
| (unaudited) | ||||||||
|
Revenues: |
||||||||
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Investment banking |
$ | 1,227 | $ | 982 | ||||
|
Principal transactions: |
||||||||
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Trading |
4,158 | 3,086 | ||||||
|
Investments |
920 | 349 | ||||||
|
Commissions |
1,005 | 920 | ||||||
|
Fees: |
||||||||
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Asset management, distribution and administration |
1,479 | 1,268 | ||||||
|
Merchant, cardmember and other fees, net |
297 | 289 | ||||||
|
Servicing and securitization income |
556 | 596 | ||||||
|
Interest and dividends |
14,814 | 10,544 | ||||||
|
Other |
222 | 134 | ||||||
|
Total revenues |
24,678 | 18,168 | ||||||
|
Interest expense |
13,485 | 9,461 | ||||||
|
Provision for consumer loan losses |
195 | 155 | ||||||
|
Net revenues |
10,998 | 8,552 | ||||||
|
Non-interest expenses: |
||||||||
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Compensation and benefits |
4,992 | 4,242 | ||||||
|
Occupancy and equipment |
280 | 230 | ||||||
|
Brokerage, clearing and exchange fees |
361 | 292 | ||||||
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Information processing and communications |
369 | 346 | ||||||
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Marketing and business development |
294 | 238 | ||||||
|
Professional services |
499 | 433 | ||||||
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Other |
339 | 311 | ||||||
|
Total non-interest expenses |
7,134 | 6,092 | ||||||
|
Income from continuing operations before losses from unconsolidated investees and income taxes |
3,864 | 2,460 | ||||||
|
Losses from unconsolidated investees |
44 | 69 | ||||||
|
Provision for income taxes |
1,261 | 789 | ||||||
|
Income from continuing operations |
2,559 | 1,602 | ||||||
|
Discontinued operations: |
||||||||
|
Gain/(loss) from discontinued operations |
174 | (48 | ) | |||||
|
Income tax (provision)/benefit |
(61 | ) | 20 | |||||
|
Gain/(loss) on discontinued operations |
113 | (28 | ) | |||||
|
Net income |
$ | 2,672 | $ | 1,574 | ||||
|
Preferred stock dividend requirements |
$ | 17 | $ | — | ||||
|
Earnings applicable to common shareholders |
$ | 2,655 | $ | 1,574 | ||||
|
Earnings per basic common share: |
||||||||
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Income from continuing operations |
$ | 2.52 | $ | 1.57 | ||||
|
Gain/(loss) on discontinued operations |
0.11 | (0.03 | ) | |||||
|
Earnings per basic common share |
$ | 2.63 | $ | 1.54 | ||||
|
Earnings per diluted common share: |
||||||||
|
Income from continuing operations |
$ | 2.40 | $ | 1.51 | ||||
|
Gain/(loss) on discontinued operations |
0.11 | (0.03 | ) | |||||
|
Earnings per diluted common share |
$ | 2.51 | $ | 1.48 | ||||
|
Average common shares outstanding: |
||||||||
|
Basic |
1,009,186,993 | 1,020,041,181 | ||||||
|
Diluted |
1,057,912,545 | 1,061,764,798 | ||||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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3 |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(dollars in millions)
| Three
Months Ended February 28, | |||||||
| 2007 | 2006 | ||||||
| (unaudited) | |||||||
|
Net income |
$ | 2,672 | $ | 1,574 | |||
|
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |
|||||||
|
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
(102 | ) | 33 | ||||
|
Net change in cash flow hedges |
8 | 27 | |||||
|
Minimum pension liability adjustment |
2 | — | |||||
|
Comprehensive income |
$ | 2,580 | $ | 1,634 | |||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
| 4 | ![]() |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in millions)
| Three Months
Ended February 28, |
||||||||
| 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
| (unaudited) | ||||||||
|
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
|
Net income |
$ | 2,672 | $ | 1,574 | ||||
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used for operating activities: |
||||||||
|
Compensation payable in common stock and options |
607 | 763 | ||||||
|
Depreciation and amortization |
204 | 179 | ||||||
|
Provision for consumer loan losses |
195 | 155 | ||||||
|
Gain on sale of Quilter |
(168 | ) | — | |||||
|
Aircraft-related charges |
— | 125 | ||||||
|
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
|
Cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations or segregated under federal and other regulations or requirements |
(6,171 | ) | 1,830 | |||||
|
Financial instruments owned, net of financial instruments sold, not yet purchased |
(44,068 | ) | (20,398 | ) | ||||
|
Securities borrowed |
22,538 | (8,655 | ) | |||||
|
Securities loaned |
11,582 | 20,567 | ||||||
|
Receivables and other assets |
(19,048 | ) | (26,298 | ) | ||||
|
Payables and other liabilities |
(1,807 | ) | 2,648 | |||||
|
Securities purchased under agreements to resell |
(17,172 | ) | (1,930 | ) | ||||
|
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
20,471 | 8,450 | ||||||
|
Net cash used for operating activities |
(30,165 | ) | (20,990 | ) | ||||
|
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
|
Net (payments for) proceeds from: |
||||||||
|
Office facilities and aircraft under operating leases |
(295 | ) | (129 | ) | ||||
|
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired |
(1,167 | ) | (1,676 | ) | ||||
|
Net principal disbursed on consumer loans |
(623 | ) | (2,857 | ) | ||||
|
Sales of consumer loans |
1,578 | 6,613 | ||||||
|
Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities |
(507 | ) | 1,951 | |||||
|
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||
|
Net proceeds from (payments for): |
||||||||
|
Short-term borrowings |
4,523 | (1,711 | ) | |||||
|
Derivatives financing activities |
(578 | ) | (168 | ) | ||||
|
Other secured financings |
(409 | ) | 3,501 | |||||
|
Deposits |
8,950 | 4,668 | ||||||
|
Tax benefits associated with stock-based awards |
110 | 14 | ||||||
|
Net proceeds from: |
||||||||
|
Issuance of common stock |
332 | 99 | ||||||
|
Issuance of long-term borrowings |
21,839 | 12,093 | ||||||
|
Payments for: |
||||||||
|
Repayments of long-term borrowings |
(6,484 | ) | (1,973 | ) | ||||
|
Redemption of Capital Units |
(66 | ) | — | |||||
|
Repurchases of common stock |
(1,210 | ) | (1,199 | ) | ||||
|
Cash dividends |
(305 | ) | (290 | ) | ||||
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
26,702 | 15,034 | ||||||
|
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
(3,970 | ) | (4,005 | ) | ||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of period |
20,606 | 29,414 | ||||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents, at end of period |
$ | 16,636 | $ | 25,409 | ||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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5 |
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
| 1. | Introduction and Basis of Presentation. |
The Company. Morgan Stanley (the “Company”) is a global financial services firm that maintains significant market positions in each of its business segments—Institutional Securities, Global Wealth Management Group, Asset Management and Discover.
A summary of the activities of each of the Company’s business segments is as follows:
Institutional Securities includes capital raising; financial advisory services, including advice on mergers and acquisitions, restructurings, real estate and project finance; corporate lending; sales, trading, financing and market-making activities in equity securities and related products and fixed income securities and related products, including foreign exchange and commodities; benchmark indices and risk management analytics; research; and investment activities.
Global Wealth Management Group provides brokerage and investment advisory services covering various investment alternatives; financial and wealth planning services; annuity and other insurance products; credit and other lending products; banking and cash management services; retirement services; and trust and fiduciary services.
Asset Management provides global asset management products and services in equity, fixed income, alternative investments and private equity to institutional and retail clients through proprietary and third party retail distribution channels, intermediaries and the Company’s institutional distribution channel. Asset Management also engages in investment activities.
Discover offers Discover®-branded credit cards and related consumer products and services and operates the Discover Network, a merchant and cash access network for Discover Network-branded cards, and PULSE® EFT Association LP (“PULSE”), an automated teller machine/debit and electronic funds transfer network. Discover also offers consumer finance products and services in the U.K., including Morgan Stanley-branded, Goldfish-branded and various other credit cards issued on the MasterCard and Visa networks.
On December 19, 2006, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had approved the spin-off of Discover (the “Discover Spin-off”). The Discover Spin-off, which is subject to regulatory approval and other customary conditions, is expected to occur in the third quarter of fiscal 2007.
Basis of Financial Information. The condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., which require the Company to make estimates and assumptions regarding the valuations of certain financial instruments, consumer loan loss levels, the outcome of litigation and tax matters, incentive-based compensation accruals and other matters that affect the condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company believes that the estimates utilized in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.
In connection with the Company’s application of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” in fiscal 2006, the Company has adjusted its opening retained earnings for fiscal 2006 and its financial results for the first two quarters of fiscal 2006. See Note 24 to the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2006, included in the Form 10-K.
The Company maintains various deferred compensation plans for the benefit of certain employees. Beginning in the quarter ended February 28, 2007, increases or decreases in assets or earnings associated with such plans are reflected in net revenues, and increases or decreases in liabilities associated with such plans are reflected in compensation expense. Previously, the increases or decreases in assets and liabilities associated with these plans were both recorded in net revenues. Prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.
| 6 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
The amount of the reclassification that was recorded in the three months ended February 28, 2007 and February 28, 2006 was $245 million and $94 million, respectively.
All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Consolidation. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and other entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest.
For entities where (1) the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to enable the entity to finance its activities independently, and (2) the equity holders bear the economic residual risks of the entity and have the right to make decisions about the entity’s activities, the Company consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest or otherwise. For entities that do not meet these criteria, commonly known as variable interest entities (“VIE”), the Company consolidates those entities where the Company absorbs a majority of the expected losses or a majority of the expected residual returns, or both, of such entity.
Notwithstanding the above, certain securitization vehicles, commonly known as qualifying special purpose entities, are not consolidated by the Company if they meet certain criteria regarding the types of assets and derivatives they may hold, the types of sales they may engage in, and the range of discretion they may exercise in connection with the assets they hold.
For investments in entities in which the Company does not have a controlling financial interest, but has significant influence over operating and financial decisions, the Company generally applies the equity method of accounting. As discussed in Note 18, the Company has elected to fair value certain investments that had previously been accounted for under the equity method.
Equity and partnership interests held by entities qualifying for accounting purposes as investment companies are carried at fair value.
The Company’s U.S. and international subsidiaries include Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated (“MS&Co.”), Morgan Stanley & Co. International Limited (“MSIL”), Morgan Stanley Japan Securities Co., Ltd. (“MSJS”), Morgan Stanley Investment Advisors Inc. and Discover Financial Services (formerly NOVUS Credit Services Inc.). On April 1, 2007, the Company merged Morgan Stanley DW Inc. (“MSDWI”) into MS&Co. Upon completion of the merger, the surviving entity, MS&Co., became the Company’s principal U.S. broker-dealer.
Income Statement Presentation. The Company, through its subsidiaries and affiliates, provides a wide variety of products and services to a large and diversified group of clients and customers, including corporations, governments, financial institutions and individuals. In connection with the delivery of the various products and services to clients, the Company manages its revenues and related expenses in the aggregate. As such, when assessing the performance of its businesses, the Company considers its principal trading, investment banking, commissions and interest and dividend income, along with the associated interest expense and provision for loan losses, as one integrated activity for each of the Company’s separate businesses.
The Company’s cost infrastructure supporting its businesses varies by activity. In some cases, these costs are directly attributable to one line of business, and, in other cases, such costs relate to multiple businesses. As such, when assessing the performance of its businesses, the Company does not consider these costs separately, but rather assesses performance in the aggregate along with the related revenues.
Therefore, the Company’s pricing structure considers various items, including the level of expenses incurred directly and indirectly to support the cost infrastructure, the risk it incurs in connection with a transaction, the overall client relationship and the availability in the market for the particular product and/or service. Accordingly, the Company does not manage or capture the costs associated with the products or services sold or its general and administrative costs by revenue line, in total or by product.
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7 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
Discontinued Operations.
Quilter Holdings Ltd. The results of Quilter Holdings Ltd. (“Quilter”) are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented through its sale on February 28, 2007. The results of Quilter were formerly included in the Global Wealth Management Group business segment.
Aircraft Leasing. The Company’s aircraft leasing business was classified as “held for sale” prior to its sale on March 24, 2006, and associated revenues and expenses through the date of sale have been reported as discontinued operations for the quarter ended February 28, 2006. The results of the Company’s aircraft leasing business were formerly included in the Institutional Securities business segment.
See Note 15 for additional information on discontinued operations.
Revenue Recognition.
Investment Banking. Underwriting revenues and fees for mergers, acquisitions and advisory assignments are recorded when services for the transactions are determined to be completed, generally as set forth under the terms of the engagement. Transaction-related expenses, primarily consisting of legal, travel and other costs directly associated with the transaction, are deferred and recognized in the same period as the related investment banking transaction revenue. Underwriting revenues are presented net of related expenses. Non-reimbursed expenses associated with advisory transactions are recorded within Non-interest expenses.
Commissions. The Company generates commissions from executing and clearing customer transactions on stock, options and futures markets. Commission revenues are recorded in the accounts on trade date.
Asset Management, Distribution and Administration Fees. Asset management, distribution and administration fees are recognized over the relevant contract period, generally quarterly or annually. In certain management fee arrangements, the Company is entitled to receive performance fees when the return on assets under management exceeds certain benchmark returns or other performance targets. In such arrangements, performance fee revenue is accrued quarterly based on measuring account/fund performance to date versus the performance benchmark stated in the investment management agreement.
Merchant, Cardmember and Other Fees, Net. Merchant, cardmember and other fees include revenues from fees charged to merchants on credit card sales (net of interchange fees paid to banks that issue cards on the Company’s merchant and cash access network), transaction processing fees on debit card transactions as well as charges to cardmembers for late payment fees, overlimit fees, balance transfer fees, credit protection fees and cash advance fees, net of cardmember rewards. Merchant, cardmember and other fees are recognized as earned. Cardmember rewards include various reward programs, including the Cashback Bonus® reward program, pursuant to which the Company pays certain cardmembers a percentage of their purchase amounts based upon a cardmember’s level and type of purchases. The liability for cardmember rewards, included in Other liabilities and accrued expenses, is computed on an individual cardmember basis and is accumulated as qualified cardmembers make progress toward earning a reward through their ongoing purchase activity. In determining the liability for cardmember rewards, the Company considers estimated forfeitures based on historical account closure, charge-off and transaction activity. The Company records the cost of its cardmember reward programs as a reduction of Merchant, cardmember and other fees.
Consumer Loans. Consumer loans, which consist primarily of general purpose credit card, mortgage and consumer installment loans, are generally reported at their principal amounts outstanding less applicable allowances. Interest on consumer loans is recorded to income as earned. Interest is generally accrued on credit card loans until the date of charge-off, which generally occurs at the end of the month during which an account
| 8 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
becomes 180 contractually days past due, except in the case of cardmember bankruptcies, probate accounts, and fraudulent transactions. Cardmember bankruptcies and probate accounts are charged off at the end of the month 60 days following the receipt of notification of the bankruptcy or death but not later than the 180-day contractual time frame. Fraudulent transactions are reported in consumer loans at their net realizable value upon receipt of notification of the fraud through a charge to operating expenses and are subsequently written off at the end of the month 90 days following notification but not later than the contractual 180-day time frame. The interest portion of charged-off credit card loans is written off against interest revenue. Origination costs related to the issuance of credit cards are charged to earnings over periods not exceeding 12 months.
The Company classifies a portion of its consumer loans as held for sale. Loans held for sale include the lesser of loans eligible for securitization or sale, or loans that management intends to securitize within three months, net of amortizing securitizations. These loans are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value.
As discussed in Note 18, the Company has elected to account for certain mortgage lending products at fair value.
Financial Instruments. The Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities are primarily recorded at fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
As a result of the Company’s adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 159”), on December 1, 2006, the Company elected the fair value option for certain instruments. Such instruments included loans and other financial instruments held by subsidiaries that are not registered broker-dealers as defined in the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Brokers and Dealers in Securities, or that are held by investment companies as defined in the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies. A substantial portion of these positions, as well as the financial instruments included within Other secured financings, had been accounted for by the Company at fair value prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 159. Changes in the fair value of these positions are included within Principal transactions—trading revenues in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income.
Financial Instruments Used for Trading and Investment. Financial instruments owned and Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased, which include cash and derivative products, are recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, and gains and losses are reflected net in Principal transactions—trading revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
The fair value of the Company’s financial instruments are generally based on or derived from bid prices or parameters for Financial instruments owned and ask prices or parameters for Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased.
A substantial percentage of the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments used for trading and investment is based on observable market prices, observable market parameters, or is derived from such prices or parameters. The availability of observable market prices and pricing parameters can vary from product to product. Where available, observable market prices and pricing parameters in a product (or a related product) may be used to derive a price without requiring significant judgment. In certain markets, such as for products that are less actively traded, observable market prices or market parameters are not available, and fair value is determined using techniques appropriate for each particular product. These techniques involve some degree of judgment.
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9 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
In the case of financial instruments transacted on recognized exchanges, the observable prices represent quotations for completed transactions from the exchange on which the financial instrument is principally traded. Also as a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”), on December 1, 2006, the Company no longer utilizes block discounts in cases where it has large holdings of unrestricted financial instruments with quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market.
In the case of over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative contracts, fair value is derived primarily using pricing models, which may require multiple market input parameters. Where appropriate, valuation adjustments are made to account for credit quality and market liquidity. These adjustments are applied on a consistent basis and are based upon observable market data where available. The Company also uses pricing models to manage the risks introduced by OTC derivatives. Depending on the product and the terms of the transaction, the fair value of OTC derivative products can be modeled using a series of techniques, including closed-form analytic formulae, such as the Black-Scholes option pricing model, simulation models or a combination thereof, applied consistently. In the case of more established derivative products, the pricing models used by the Company are widely accepted by the financial services industry. Pricing models take into account the contract terms, including the maturity, as well as market parameters such as interest rates, volatility and the creditworthiness of the counterparty. As a result of the Company’s adoption of SFAS No. 157, the impact of the Company’s own credit spreads are also considered when measuring the fair value of liabilities, including certain OTC derivative contracts.
Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 157, the Company followed the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 02-3, “Issues Involved in Accounting for Derivative Contracts Held for Trading Purposes and Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and Risk Management Activities” (“EITF Issue No. 02-3”). See also Note 18. Under EITF Issue No. 02-3, in the absence of observable market prices or parameters in an active market, observable prices or parameters of other comparable current market transactions, or other observable data supporting a fair value based on a pricing model at the inception of a contract, revenue recognition at the inception of an OTC derivative financial instrument was not permitted. Such revenue was recognized in income at the earlier of when there was market value observability or at the end of the contract period. In the absence of observable market prices or parameters in an active market, observable prices or parameters of other comparable current market transactions, or other observable data supporting a fair value based on a pricing model at the inception of a contract, fair value was based on the transaction price. With the adoption of SFAS No. 157, the Company is no longer applying the revenue recognition criteria of EITF Issue No. 02-3.
Substantially all equity and debt investments purchased in connection with private equity and other investment activities are valued at fair value and are included within Other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, and gains and losses are reflected in Principal transactions—investment revenues. The carrying value of such investments reflects expected exit values based upon appropriate valuation techniques applied on a consistent basis. Such techniques employ various market, income and cost approaches to determine fair value at the measurement date. The Company’s partnership interests, including general partnership and limited partnership interests in real estate funds, are included within Other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and are recorded at fair value based upon changes in the fair value of the underlying partnership’s net assets.
Purchases and sales of financial instruments and related expenses are recorded on trade date. The fair value of OTC financial instruments, including derivative contracts related to financial instruments and commodities, are presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of financial condition on a net-by-counterparty basis, when appropriate.
| 10 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
The Company nets cash collateral paid or received against its derivatives inventory under credit support annexes, which the Company views as conditional contracts, pursuant to legally enforceable master netting agreements.
Financial Instruments Used for Asset and Liability Management. The Company applies hedge accounting to various derivative financial instruments used to hedge interest rate, foreign exchange and credit risk arising from assets, liabilities and forecasted transactions. These instruments are included within Financial instruments owned—derivative contracts or Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased—derivative contracts within the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
These hedges are designated and qualify for accounting purposes as one of the following types of hedges: hedges of changes in fair value of assets and liabilities due to the risk being hedged (fair value hedges), hedges of the variability of future cash flows from forecasted transactions and floating rate assets and liabilities due to the risk being hedged (cash flow hedges) and hedges of net investments in foreign operations whose functional currency is different from the reporting currency of the parent company (net investment hedges).
For all hedges where hedge accounting is being applied, effectiveness testing and other procedures to ensure the ongoing validity of the hedges are performed at least monthly. The impact of hedge ineffectiveness and amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness on the condensed consolidated statements of income was not material for all periods presented. If a derivative is de-designated as a hedge, it is thereafter accounted for as a financial instrument used for trading.
Fair Value Hedges – Interest Rate Risk.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company’s designated fair value hedges consisted primarily of interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges of changes in the benchmark interest rate of senior long-term fixed rate borrowings. In the first quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company began using regression analysis to perform an ongoing prospective and retrospective assessment of the effectiveness of these hedging relationships (i.e., the Company applied the “long-haul” method of hedge accounting). A hedging relationship is deemed to be effective if the fair values of the hedging instrument (derivative) and the hedged item (debt liability) change inversely within a range of 80% to 125%.
Previously, the Company’s designated fair value hedges consisted primarily of interest rate swaps, including swaps with embedded options that mirrored features contained in the hedged items, designated as fair value hedges of changes in the benchmark interest rate of fixed rate borrowings, including both certificates of deposit and senior long-term borrowings. For these hedges, the Company ensured that the terms of the hedging instruments and hedged items matched and other accounting criteria were met so that the hedges were assumed to have no ineffectiveness (i.e., the Company applied the “shortcut” method of hedge accounting). The Company also used interest rate swaps as fair value hedges of the benchmark interest rate risk of host contracts of equity-linked notes that contained embedded derivatives. For these hedging relationships, regression analysis was used for the prospective and retrospective assessments of hedge effectiveness.
For qualifying fair value hedges of benchmark interest rates, the changes in the fair value of the derivative and the changes in the fair value of the hedged liability provide offset of one another and, together with any resulting ineffectiveness, are recorded in Interest expense. When a derivative is de-designated as a hedge, any basis adjustment remaining on the hedged liability is amortized to Interest expense over the life of the liability using the effective interest method.
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11 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
Fair Value Hedges – Credit Risk.
The Company has designated a portion of the credit derivative embedded in a non-recourse structured note liability as a fair value hedge of the credit risk arising from a loan receivable to which the structured note liability is specifically linked. Regression analysis is used to perform prospective and retrospective assessments of hedge effectiveness for this hedge relationship. The changes in the fair value of the derivative and the changes in the fair value of the hedged item provide offset of one another and, together with any resulting ineffectiveness, are recorded in Principal transactions–trading revenues.
Cash Flow Hedges.
Before the sale of the aircraft leasing business (see Note 15), the Company applied hedge accounting to interest rate swaps used to hedge variable rate long-term borrowings associated with this business. Changes in the fair value of the swaps were recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in Shareholders’ equity, net of tax effects, and then reclassified to Interest expense as interest on the hedged borrowings was recognized.
In connection with the sale of the aircraft leasing business, the Company de-designated the interest rate swaps associated with this business effective August 31, 2005 and no longer accounts for them as cash flow hedges. Amounts in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to those interest rate swaps continue to be reclassified to Interest expense since the related borrowings remain outstanding.
Net Investment Hedges. The Company utilizes forward foreign exchange contracts and non-U.S. dollar- denominated debt to manage the currency exposure relating to its net investments in non-U.S. dollar functional currency operations. No hedge ineffectiveness is recognized in earnings since the notional amounts of the hedging instruments equal the portion of the investments being hedged, and, where forward contracts are used, the currencies being exchanged are the functional currencies of the parent and investee; where debt instruments are used as hedges, they are denominated in the functional currency of the investee. The gain or loss from revaluing hedges of net investments in foreign operations at the spot rate is deferred and reported within Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in Shareholders’ equity, net of tax effects. The forward points on the hedging instruments are recorded in Interest and dividend revenues.
Securitization Activities. The Company engages in securitization activities related to commercial and residential mortgage loans, corporate bonds and loans, U.S. agency collateralized mortgage obligations, credit card loans and other types of financial assets (see Notes 3 and 4). The Company may retain interests in the securitized financial assets as one or more tranches of the securitization, undivided seller’s interests, accrued interest receivable subordinate to investors’ interests (see Note 4), cash collateral accounts, rights to any excess cash flows remaining after payments to investors in the securitization trusts of their contractual rate of return and reimbursement of credit losses, and other retained interests. The exposure to credit losses from securitized loans is limited to the Company’s retained contingent risk, which represents the Company’s retained interest in securitized loans, including any credit enhancement provided. The gain or loss on the sale of financial assets depends, in part, on the previous carrying amount of the assets involved in the transfer, and each subsequent transfer in revolving structures, allocated between the assets sold and the retained interests based upon their respective fair values at the date of sale. To determine fair values, observable market prices are used if available. However, observable market prices are generally not available for retained interests so the Company estimates fair value based on the present value of expected future cash flows using its best estimates of the key assumptions, including forecasted credit losses, payment rates, forward yield curves and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. The present value of future net excess cash flows that the Company estimates it will receive over the term of the securitized loans is recognized in income as the loans are securitized. An asset also is recorded and charged to income over the term of the securitized loans, with actual net excess cash flows continuing to be recognized in income as they are earned.
| 12 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
In connection with the adoption of SFAS No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140” (“SFAS No. 156”) on December 1, 2006, the Company has elected to fair value mortgage servicing rights (see Note 3).
Stock-Based Compensation. The Company early adopted SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment,” using the modified prospective approach as of December 1, 2004. SFAS No. 123R revised the fair value-based method of accounting for share-based payment liabilities, forfeitures and modifications of stock-based awards and clarified guidance in several areas, including measuring fair value, classifying an award as equity or as a liability and attributing compensation cost to service periods.
For stock-based awards issued prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, the Company’s accounting policy for awards granted to retirement-eligible employees was to recognize compensation cost over the service period specified in the award terms. The Company accelerates any unrecognized compensation cost for such awards if and when a retirement-eligible employee leaves the Company.
For fiscal 2005 year-end stock-based compensation awards that were granted to retirement-eligible employees in December 2005, the Company recognized the compensation cost for such awards at the date of grant instead of over the service period specified in the award terms. As a result, the Company recorded non-cash incremental compensation expenses of approximately $395 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2006 for stock-based awards granted to retirement-eligible employees as part of the fiscal 2005 year-end award process and for awards granted to retirement-eligible employees, including new hires, in the first quarter of fiscal 2006. These incremental expenses were included within Compensation and benefits expense and reduced income before taxes within the Institutional Securities ($270 million), Global Wealth Management Group ($80 million), Asset Management ($28 million) and Discover ($17 million) business segments.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For purposes of these statements, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly liquid investments not held for resale with maturities, when purchased, of three months or less. In connection with business acquisitions, the Company assumed liabilities of $7,679 million and $30 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2006, respectively.
| 2. | Goodwill and Net Intangible Assets. |
During the first quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company completed the annual goodwill impairment test (as of December 1 in each fiscal year). The Company’s testing did not indicate any goodwill impairment.
Changes in the carrying amount of the Company’s goodwill and intangible assets for the three month period ended February 28, 2007 were as follows:
|
Institutional Securities |
Global
Wealth Management Group |
Asset Management |
Discover | Total | |||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
|
Goodwill: |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Balance as of November 30, 2006 |
$ | 701 | $ | 589 | $ | 968 | $ | 534 | $ | 2,792 | |||||||
|
Goodwill acquired during the period(1) |
503 | — | 91 | — | 594 | ||||||||||||
|
Goodwill disposed during the period(2) |
— | (255 | ) | — | — | (255 | ) | ||||||||||
|
Balance as of February 28, 2007 |
$ | 1,204 | $ | 334 | $ | 1,059 | $ | 534 | $ | 3,131 | |||||||
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13 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
|
Institutional Securities |
Global
Wealth Management Group |
Asset Management |
Discover | Total | |||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||
|
Intangible assets(3): |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Balance as of November 30, 2006 |
$ | 447 | $ | — | $ | 3 | $ | 201 | $ | 651 | |||||||||
|
Intangible assets acquired during the period(1) |
284 | — | 224 | — | 508 | ||||||||||||||
|
Amortization expense |
(19 | ) | — | (5 | ) | (4 | ) | (28 | ) | ||||||||||
|
Balance as of February 28, 2007 |
$ | 712 | $ | — | $ | 222 | $ | 197 | $ | 1,131 | |||||||||
| (1) | Institutional Securities activity primarily represents goodwill and intangible assets acquired in connection with the Company’s acquisitions of Saxon Capital, Inc. and CityMortgage Bank. Asset Management activity represents goodwill and intangible assets acquired in connection with the Company’s acquisitions of FrontPoint Partners and Brookville Capital Management (see Note 16). |
| (2) | Activity represents goodwill disposed in connection with the Company’s sale of Quilter (see Note 15). |
| (3) | Effective December 1, 2006, mortgage servicing rights have been included in net intangible assets. Amounts as of November 30, 2006 have been reclassified to conform with the current presentation. |
| 3. | Collateralized and Securitization Transactions. |
Securities purchased under agreements to resell (“reverse repurchase agreements”) and Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (“repurchase agreements”), principally government and agency securities, are carried at the amounts at which the securities subsequently will be resold or reacquired as specified in the respective agreements; such amounts include accrued interest. Reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements are presented on a net-by-counterparty basis, when appropriate. The Company’s policy is to take possession of securities purchased under agreements to resell. Securities borrowed and Securities loaned are carried at the amounts of cash collateral advanced and received in connection with the transactions. Other secured financings include the liabilities related to transfers of financial assets that are accounted for as financings rather than sales, consolidated variable interest entities where the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and certain equity-referenced securities and loans where in all instances these liabilities are payable solely from the cash flows of the related assets accounted for as Financial instruments owned.
The Company pledges its financial instruments owned to collateralize repurchase agreements and other securities financings. Pledged securities that can be sold or repledged by the secured party are identified as Financial instruments owned (pledged to various parties) in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The carrying value and classification of securities owned by the Company that have been loaned or pledged to counterparties where those counterparties do not have the right to sell or repledge the collateral were as follows:
|
At February 28, |
At November 30, | |||||
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||
|
Financial instruments owned: |
||||||
|
U.S. government and agency securities |
$ | 13,837 | $ | 12,111 | ||
|
Other sovereign government obligations |
866 | 893 | ||||
|
Corporate and other debt |
51,609 | 44,237 | ||||
|
Corporate equities |
6,845 | 6,662 | ||||
|
Total |
$ | 73,157 | $ | 63,903 | ||
The Company enters into reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowed and securities loaned transactions to, among other things, acquire securities to cover short positions and settle other securities obligations, to accommodate customers’ needs and to finance the Company’s inventory positions. The
| 14 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
Company also engages in securities financing transactions for customers through margin lending. Under these agreements and transactions, the Company either receives or provides collateral, including U.S. government and agency securities, other sovereign government obligations, corporate and other debt, and corporate equities. The Company receives collateral in the form of securities in connection with reverse repurchase agreements, securities borrowed and derivative transactions, and customer margin loans. In many cases, the Company is permitted to sell or repledge these securities held as collateral and use the securities to secure repurchase agreements, to enter into securities lending and derivative transactions or for delivery to counterparties to cover short positions. At February 28, 2007 and November 30, 2006, the fair value of securities received as collateral where the Company is permitted to sell or repledge the securities was $960 billion and $942 billion, respectively, and the fair value of the portion that has been sold or repledged was $762 billion and $780 billion, respectively.
The Company additionally receives securities as collateral in connection with certain securities for securities transactions in which the Company is the lender. In instances where the Company is permitted to sell or repledge these securities, the Company reports the fair value of the collateral received and the related obligation to return the collateral in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. At February 28, 2007 and November 30, 2006, $82,684 million and $64,588 million, respectively, were reported as Securities received as collateral and an Obligation to return securities received as collateral in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
The Company manages credit exposure arising from reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowed and securities loaned transactions by, in appropriate circumstances, entering into master netting agreements and collateral arrangements with counterparties that provide the Company, in the event of a customer default, the right to liquidate collateral and the right to offset a counterparty’s rights and obligations. The Company also monitors the fair value of the underlying securities as compared with the related receivable or payable, including accrued interest, and, as necessary, requests additional collateral to ensure such transactions are adequately collateralized. Where deemed appropriate, the Company’s agreements with third parties specify its rights to request additional collateral. Customer receivables generated from margin lending activity are collateralized by customer-owned securities held by the Company. For these transactions, adherence to the Company’s collateral policies significantly limits the Company’s credit exposure in the event of customer default. The Company may request additional margin collateral from customers, if appropriate, and, if necessary, may sell securities that have not been paid for or purchase securities sold, but not delivered from customers.
In connection with its Institutional Securities business, the Company engages in securitization activities related to residential and commercial mortgage loans, U.S. agency collateralized mortgage obligations, corporate bonds and loans, and other types of financial assets. These assets are carried at fair value, and any changes in fair value are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of income. The Company may act as underwriter of the beneficial interests issued by securitization vehicles. Underwriting net revenues are recognized in connection with these transactions. The Company may retain interests in the securitized financial assets as one or more tranches of the securitization. These retained interests are included in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition at fair value. Any changes in the fair value of such retained interests are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Retained interests in securitized financial assets associated with the Institutional Securities business were approximately $4.6 billion at February 28, 2007, the majority of which were related to residential mortgage loan, U.S. agency collateralized mortgage obligation and commercial mortgage loan securitization transactions. Net gains at the time of securitization were not material in the three month period ended February 28, 2007. The assumptions that the Company used to determine the fair value of its retained interests at the time of securitization related to those transactions that occurred during the quarter were not materially different from the assumptions included in the table below. Additionally, as indicated in the table below, the Company’s exposure to credit losses related to these retained interests was not material to the Company’s results of operations.
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15 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
The following table presents information on the Company’s residential mortgage loan, U.S. agency collateralized mortgage obligation and commercial mortgage loan securitization transactions. Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value of the retained interests to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in those assumptions at February 28, 2007 were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
Residential Mortgage Loans |
U.S. Agency Collateralized Mortgage Obligations |
Commercial Mortgage Loans |
||||||||||||||
|
Retained interests (carrying amount/fair value) |
$ | 2,654 | $ | 831 | $ | 712 | ||||||||||
|
Weighted average life (in months) |
40 | 57 | 98 | |||||||||||||
|
Credit losses (rate per annum) |
0.00 - 5.00 | % | — | 0.00 - 11.35 | % | |||||||||||
|
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change |
$ | (156 | ) | $ | — | $ | (7 | ) | ||||||||
|
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change |
$ | (298 | ) | $ | — | $ | (13 | ) | ||||||||
|
Weighted average discount rate (rate per annum) |
11.01 | % | 5.62 | % | 6.76 | % | ||||||||||
|
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change |
$ | (53 | ) | $ | (17 | ) | $ | (27 | ) | |||||||
|
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change |
$ | (105 | ) | $ | (33 | ) | $ | (54 | ) | |||||||
|
Prepayment speed assumption(1)(2) |
194-2833 | PSA | 163-580 | PSA | — | |||||||||||
|
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change |
$ | (122 | ) | $ | (3 | ) | $ | — | ||||||||
|
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change |
$ | (167 | ) | $ | (7 | ) | $ | — | ||||||||
| (1) | Amounts for residential mortgage loans exclude positive valuation effects from immediate 10% and 20% changes. |
| (2) | Commercial mortgage loans typically contain provisions that either prohibit or economically penalize the borrower from prepaying the loan for a specified period of time. |
The table above does not include the offsetting benefit of any financial instruments that the Company may utilize to hedge risks inherent in its retained interests. In addition, the sensitivity analysis is hypothetical and should be used with caution. Changes in fair value based on a 10% or 20% variation in an assumption generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in the assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the retained interests is calculated independent of changes in any other assumption; in practice, changes in one factor may result in changes in another, which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities. In addition, the sensitivity analysis does not consider any corrective action that the Company may take to mitigate the impact of any adverse changes in the key assumptions.
In connection with its Institutional Securities business, during the quarters ended February 28, 2007 and 2006, the Company received proceeds from new securitization transactions of $14.5 billion and $12.9 billion, respectively, and cash flows from retained interests in securitization transactions of $1.7 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively.
Mortgage Servicing Rights. In connection with its Institutional Securities business, the Company may retain servicing rights to certain mortgage loans that are sold through its securitization activities. These transactions create an asset referred to as mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), which are included within Intangible assets on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
In March 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued SFAS No. 156, which requires all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities to be initially measured at fair value, if practicable. The standard permits an entity to subsequently measure each class of servicing assets or servicing
| 16 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
liabilities at fair value and report changes in fair value in the statement of income in the period in which the changes occur. The Company adopted SFAS No. 156 on December 1, 2006 and has elected to fair value MSRs held as of the date of adoption. This election did not have a material impact on the Company’s opening balance of Retained earnings as of December 1, 2006. The Company also elected to fair value MSRs acquired after December 1, 2006.
The following table presents information about the Company’s MSRs, which relate to its mortgage loan business activities (dollars in millions):
|
Fair value as of the beginning of the period |
$ | 93 | ||
|
Additions: |
||||
|
Purchases of servicing assets (1) |
187 | |||
|
Servicing assets that result from transfers of financial assets |
50 | |||
|
Total Additions |
237 | |||
|
Subtractions: |
||||
|
Sales/Disposals |
(18 | ) | ||
|
Changes in fair value (2): |
||||
|
Due to change in valuation inputs or assumptions used in the valuation model |
— | |||
|
Other changes in fair value |
(25 | ) | ||
|
Fair value as of the end of the period |
$ | 287 | ||
|
Amount of contractually specified (2): |
||||
|
Servicing fees |
$ | 38 | ||
|
Late fees |
6 | |||
|
Ancillary fees |
1 | |||
| $ | 45 | |||
| (1) | Includes MSRs obtained in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Saxon Capital, Inc. (see Note 16). |
| (2) | These amounts are recorded within Servicing and securitization income in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income. |
|
Assumptions Used in Measuring Fair Value: |
||
|
Weighted average discount rate |
17.87% | |
|
Weighted average prepayment speed assumption |
977 PSA |
The Company generally utilizes information provided by third parties in order to determine the fair value of its MSRs. The valuation of MSRs consist of projecting servicing cash flows and discounting such cash flows using an appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate. These valuations require estimation of various assumptions, including future servicing fees, credit losses and other related costs, discount rates and mortgage prepayment speeds. The Company also compares the estimated fair values of the MSRs from the valuations with observable trades of similar instruments or portfolios. Due to subsequent changes in economic and market conditions, the actual rates of prepayments, credit losses and the value of collateral may differ significantly from the Company’s original estimates. Such differences could be material. If actual prepayment rates and credit losses were higher than those assumed, the value of the Company’s MSRs could be adversely affected. The Company may hedge a portion of its MSRs through the use of financial instruments, including certain derivative contracts.
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17 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
| 4. | Consumer Loans. |
Consumer loans were as follows:
| At February 28, 2007 |
At November 30, 2006 | |||||
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||
|
General purpose credit card, mortgage and consumer installment |
$ | 23,219 | $ | 25,004 | ||
|
Less: |
||||||
|
Allowance for consumer loan losses |
790 | 831 | ||||
|
Consumer loans, net |
$ | 22,429 | $ | 24,173 | ||
Activity in the allowance for consumer loan losses was as follows:
|
Three Months Ended February 28, |
||||||||
| 2007 | 2006(1) | |||||||
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||||
|
Balance at beginning of period |
$ | 831 | $ | 838 | ||||
|
Additions: |
||||||||
|
Provision for consumer loan losses |
195 | 155 | ||||||
|
Purchase of loans(2) |
— | 44 | ||||||
|
Deductions: |
||||||||
|
Charge-offs |
281 | 300 | ||||||
|
Recoveries |
(45 | ) | (47 | ) | ||||
|
Net charge-offs |
236 | 253 | ||||||
|
Translation adjustments and other |
— | 1 | ||||||
|
Balance at end of period |
$ | 790 | $ | 785 | ||||
| (1) | Certain reclassifications have been made to prior-period amounts to conform to the current period’s presentation. |
| (2) | Amount relates to the Company’s acquisition of Goldfish and other acquisitions. |
Information on net charge-offs of interest and cardmember fees was as follows:
| Three Months Ended February 28, | ||||||
| 2007 | 2006 | |||||
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||
|
Interest accrued on general purpose credit card loans subsequently charged off, net of recoveries (recorded as a reduction of Interest revenue) |
$ | 53 | $ | 38 | ||
|
Cardmember fees accrued on general purpose credit card loans subsequently charged off, net of recoveries (recorded as a reduction to Merchant, cardmember and other fee revenue) |
$ | 23 | $ | 22 | ||
At February 28, 2007, the Company had commitments to extend credit for consumer loans of approximately $273 billion. Such commitments arise primarily from agreements with customers for unused lines of credit on certain credit cards, provided there is no violation of conditions established in the related agreement. These
| 18 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
commitments, substantially all of which the Company can terminate at any time and which do not necessarily represent future cash requirements, are periodically reviewed based on account usage and customer creditworthiness.
At February 28, 2007 and November 30, 2006, $1.0 billion and $2.3 billion, respectively, of the Company’s consumer loans were classified as held for sale.
The Company received net proceeds from consumer loan sales of $1,578 million and $6,613 million in the quarters ended February 28, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Credit Card Securitization Activities. The Company’s retained interests in credit card asset securitizations include undivided seller’s interests, accrued interest receivable on securitized credit card receivables, cash collateral accounts, rights to any excess cash flows (“Residual Interests”) remaining after payments to investors in the securitization trusts of their contractual rate of return and reimbursement of credit losses, and other retained interests. The undivided seller’s interests less an applicable allowance for loan losses is recorded in Consumer loans. The Company’s undivided seller’s interests rank pari passu with investors’ interests in the securitization trusts, and the remaining retained interests are subordinate to investors’ interests. Accrued interest receivable and certain other subordinated retained interests are recorded in Other assets at amounts that approximate fair value. The Company receives annual servicing fees based on a percentage of the investor principal balance outstanding. The Company does not recognize servicing assets or servicing liabilities for servicing rights as the servicing contracts provide just adequate compensation, as defined in SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 140”), to the Company for performing the servicing. Residual Interests and cash collateral accounts are recorded in Other assets and reflected at fair value with changes in fair value recorded currently in earnings. At February 28, 2007, the Company had $13,274 million of retained interests, including $9,805 million of undivided seller’s interests, in credit card asset securitizations. The retained interests are subject to credit, payment and interest rate risks on the transferred credit card assets. The investors and the securitization trusts have no recourse to the Company’s other assets for failure of cardmembers to pay when due.
During the quarters ended February 28, 2007 and 2006, the Company completed credit card asset securitizations of $1.6 billion and $6.6 billion, respectively, and recognized net securitization losses of $4 million and net securitization gains of $139 million, respectively, as servicing and securitization income in the condensed consolidated statements of income. The amount for the quarter ended February 28, 2006 includes an increase in the fair value of the Company’s retained interests in securitized receivables primarily resulting from a favorable impact on charge-offs following the enactment of federal bankruptcy legislation that became effective in October 2005. Securitized general purpose credit card loans were $28.3 billion and $26.7 billion at February 28, 2007 and November 30, 2006, respectively.
Key economic assumptions used in measuring the Residual Interests at the date of securitization resulting from credit card asset securitizations completed during the quarters ended February 28, 2007 and 2006 were as follows:
| Three Months Ended February 28, | |||||
| 2007 | 2006 | ||||
|
Weighted average life (in months) |
4.8 | 3.7 - 4.7 | |||
|
Payment rate (rate per month) |
20.92 | % | 19.69% - 21.34% | ||
|
Credit losses (rate per annum) |
4.36 | % | 4.72% - 5.23% | ||
|
Discount rate (rate per annum) |
11.00 | % | 11.00% | ||
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19 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value of the Residual Interests to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in those assumptions were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
At 2007 |
||||
|
Residual Interests (carrying amount/fair value) |
$ | 332 | ||
|
Weighted average life (in months) |
4.2 | |||
|
Weighted average payment rate (rate per month) |
20.93 | % | ||
|
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change |
$ | (25 | ) | |
|
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change |
$ | (47 | ) | |
|
Weighted average credit losses (rate per annum) |
4.37 | % | ||
|
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change |
$ | (38 | ) | |
|
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change |
$ | (75 | ) | |
|
Weighted average discount rate (rate per annum) |
11.00 | % | ||
|
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change |
$ | (1 | ) | |
|
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change |
$ | (3 | ) | |
The sensitivity analysis in the table above is hypothetical and should be used with caution. Changes in fair value based on a 10% or 20% variation in an assumption generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in the assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the Residual Interests is calculated independent of changes in any other assumption; in practice, changes in one factor may result in changes in another (for example, increases in market interest rates may result in lower payments and increased credit losses), which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities. In addition, the sensitivity analysis does not consider any corrective action that the Company may take to mitigate the impact of any adverse changes in the key assumptions.
The table below summarizes certain cash flows received from the securitization master trusts (dollars in billions):
| Three
Months Ended February 28, | ||||||
| 2007 | 2006 | |||||
|
Proceeds from new credit card asset securitizations |
$ | 1.6 | $ | 6.6 | ||
|
Proceeds from collections reinvested in previous credit card asset securitizations |
$ | 16.7 | $ | 13.9 | ||
|
Contractual servicing fees received |
$ | 0.1 | $ | 0.1 | ||
|
Cash flows received from retained interests |
$ | 0.4 | $ | 0.4 | ||
The table below presents quantitative information about delinquencies, net principal credit losses and components of managed general purpose credit card loans, including securitized loans (dollars in millions):
| At February 28, 2007 | Three Months
Ended February 28, 2007 | |||||||||||
| Loans Outstanding |
Loans Delinquent |
Average Loans |
Net Credit | |||||||||
|
Managed general purpose credit card loans |
$ | 50,730 | $ | 1,749 | $ | 51,390 | $ | 521 | ||||
|
Less: Securitized general purpose credit card loans |
28,320 | |||||||||||
|
Owned general purpose credit card loans |
$ | 22,410 | ||||||||||
| 20 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
| 5. | Long-Term Borrowings and Capital Units. |
Long-term Borrowings. Long-term borrowings at February 28, 2007 scheduled to mature within one year aggregated $20,515 million.
During the quarter ended February 28, 2007, the Company issued senior notes with a carrying value at quarter-end aggregating $22,235 million, including non-U.S. dollar currency notes aggregating $10,299 million. Maturities in the aggregate of these notes by fiscal year are as follows: 2007, $141 million; 2008, $1,985 million; 2009, $698 million; 2010, $3,455 million; 2011, $975 million; and thereafter, $14,981 million. In the quarter ended February 28, 2007, $6,484 million of senior notes were repaid.
The weighted average maturity of the Company’s long-term borrowings, based upon stated maturity dates, was approximately 5.5 years at February 28, 2007.
Capital Units. The Company redeemed all $66 million of the outstanding Capital Units on February 28, 2007.
| 6. | Shareholders’ Equity. |
Regulatory Requirements. MS&Co. is and, until it merged into MS&Co. on April 1, 2007, MSDWI was a registered broker-dealer and registered futures commission merchant and, accordingly, subject to the minimum net capital requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. MS&Co. and MSDWI have consistently operated in excess of these requirements. MS&Co.’s net capital totaled $4,385 million at February 28, 2007, which exceeded the amount required by $2,898 million. MSDWI’s net capital totaled $1,314 million at February 28, 2007, which exceeded the amount required by $1,246 million. MSIL, a London-based broker-dealer subsidiary, is subject to the capital requirements of the Financial Services Authority, and MSJS, a Tokyo-based broker-dealer subsidiary, is subject to the capital requirements of the Financial Services Agency. MSIL and MSJS have consistently operated in excess of their respective regulatory capital requirements.
On April 1, 2007, the Company merged MSDWI into MS&Co. Upon completion of the merger, the surviving entity, MS&Co., became the Company’s principal U.S. broker-dealer.
Under regulatory capital requirements adopted by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) and other bank regulatory agencies, FDIC-insured financial institutions must maintain (a) 3% to 5% of Tier 1 capital, as defined, to average assets (“leverage ratio”), (b) 4% of Tier 1 capital, as defined, to risk-weighted assets (“Tier 1 risk-weighted capital ratio”) and (c) 8% of total capital, as defined, to risk-weighted assets (“total risk-weighted capital ratio”). At February 28, 2007, the leverage ratio, Tier 1 risk-weighted capital ratio and total risk-weighted capital ratio of each of the Company’s FDIC-insured financial institutions exceeded these regulatory minimums.
Certain other U.S. and non-U.S. subsidiaries are subject to various securities, commodities and banking regulations, and capital adequacy requirements promulgated by the regulatory and exchange authorities of the countries in which they operate. These subsidiaries have consistently operated in excess of their local capital adequacy requirements. Morgan Stanley Derivative Products Inc., the Company’s triple-A rated derivative products subsidiary, maintains certain operating restrictions that have been reviewed by various rating agencies.
Effective December 1, 2005, the Company became a consolidated supervised entity (“CSE”) as defined by the SEC. As such, the Company is subject to group-wide supervision and examination by the SEC and to minimum capital requirements on a consolidated basis. As of February 28, 2007, the Company was in compliance with the CSE capital requirements.
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21 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
MS&Co. is required to hold tentative net capital in excess of $1 billion and net capital in excess of $500 million in accordance with the market and credit risk standards of Appendix E of Rule 15c3-1. MS&Co. is also required to notify the SEC in the event that its tentative net capital is less than $5 billion. As of February 28, 2007, MS&Co. had tentative net capital in excess of the minimum and the notification requirements.
Treasury Shares. During the quarter ended February 28, 2007, the Company purchased approximately $1.2 billion of its common stock through open market purchases at an average cost of $82.02 per share. During the quarter ended February 28, 2006, the Company purchased approximately $1.2 billion of its common stock through open market purchases at an average cost of $59.08 per share.
| 7. | Earnings per Common Share. |
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the assumed conversion of all dilutive securities. The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS (in millions, except for per share data):
|
Three Months Ended February 28, |
||||||||
| 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
|
Basic EPS: |
||||||||
|
Income from continuing operations |
$ | 2,559 | $ | 1,602 | ||||
|
Gain/(loss) on discontinued operations, net |
113 | (28 | ) | |||||
|
Preferred stock dividend requirements |
(17 | ) | — | |||||
|
Net income applicable to common shareholders |
$ | 2,655 | $ | 1,574 | ||||
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding |
1,009 | 1,020 | ||||||
|
Earnings per basic common share: |
||||||||
|
Income from continuing operations |
$ | 2.52 | $ | 1.57 | ||||
|
Gain/(loss) on discontinued operations |
0.11 | (0.03 | ) | |||||
|
Earnings per basic common share |
$ | 2.63 | $ | 1.54 | ||||
|
Diluted EPS: |
||||||||
|
Net income applicable to common shareholders |
$ | 2,655 | $ | 1,574 | ||||
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding |
1,009 | 1,020 | ||||||
|
Effect of dilutive securities: |
||||||||
|
Stock options and restricted stock units |
49 | 42 | ||||||
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding and common stock equivalents |
1,058 | 1,062 | ||||||
|
Earnings per diluted common share: |
||||||||
|
Income from continuing operations |
$ | 2.40 | $ | 1.51 | ||||
|
Gain/(loss) on discontinued operations |
0.11 | (0.03 | ) | |||||
|
Earnings per diluted common share |
$ | 2.51 | $ | 1.48 | ||||
| 22 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
The following securities were considered antidilutive and therefore were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS:
|
Three Months Ended February 28, | ||||
| 2007 | 2006 | |||
| (shares in millions) | ||||
|
Number of antidilutive securities (including stock options and restricted stock units) outstanding at end of period |
16 | 33 | ||
Cash dividends declared per common share were $0.27 for the quarters ended February 28, 2007 and 2006.
| 8. | Commitments and Contingencies. |
Letters of Credit and Other Financial Guarantees. At February 28, 2007 and November 30, 2006, the Company had approximately $7.2 billion and $5.8 billion, respectively, of letters of credit and other financial guarantees outstanding to satisfy various collateral requirements.
Securities Activities. In connection with certain of its Institutional Securities business activities, the Company provides loans or lending commitments (including bridge financing) to selected clients. The borrowers may be rated investment grade or non-investment grade. These loans and commitments have varying terms, may be senior or subordinated and/or secured or non-secured, are generally contingent upon representations, warranties and contractual conditions applicable to the borrower, and may be syndicated, hedged or traded by the Company.
The aggregate value of the investment grade and non-investment grade primary and secondary lending commitments are shown below:
|
At February 28, 2007 |
At November 30, 2006 | |||||
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||
|
Investment grade corporate lending commitments |
$ | 34,725 | $ | 34,306 | ||
|
Non-investment grade corporate lending commitments |
24,341 | 17,809 | ||||
|
Total |
$ | 59,066 | $ | 52,115 | ||
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased include obligations of the Company to deliver specified financial instruments at contracted prices, thereby creating commitments to purchase the financial instruments in the market at prevailing prices. Consequently, the Company’s ultimate obligation to satisfy the sale of financial instruments sold, not yet purchased may exceed the amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
The Company has commitments to fund other less liquid investments, including at February 28, 2007, $900 million in connection with investment activities, $1,889 million related to forward purchase contracts involving mortgage loans, $901 million related to mortgage loan originations and $584 million related to commercial loan commitments to small businesses and commitments related to securities-based lending activities. As of February 28, 2007, the Company also had commitments of $21,191 million related to secured lending transactions. Such commitments to subprime lenders were $5.2 billion, of which $2.3 billion was funded and fully collateralized. As of March 31, 2007, the amount that was funded and fully collateralized to subprime lenders was $2.5 billion, and the amount of the unfunded commitments was $1.1 billion. Additionally, the Company has provided and will continue to provide financing, including margin lending and other extensions of credit, to clients that may subject the Company to increased credit and liquidity risks.
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23 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
At February 28, 2007, the Company had commitments to enter into reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements of approximately $129 billion and $101 billion, respectively.
Legal. In the normal course of business, the Company has been named, from time to time, as a defendant in various legal actions, including arbitrations, class actions and other litigation, arising in connection with its activities as a global diversified financial services institution. Certain of the actual or threatened legal actions include claims for substantial compensatory and/or punitive damages or claims for indeterminate amounts of damages. In some cases, the issuers that would otherwise be the primary defendants in such cases are bankrupt or in financial distress.
The Company is also involved, from time to time, in other reviews, investigations and proceedings (both formal and informal) by governmental and self-regulatory agencies regarding the Company’s business, including, among other matters, accounting and operational matters, certain of which may result in adverse judgments, settlements, fines, penalties, injunctions or other relief. The number of reviews, investigations and proceedings has increased in recent years with regards to many firms in the financial services industry, including the Company.
The Company contests liability and/or the amount of damages as appropriate in each pending matter. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, particularly in cases where claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages or where investigations and proceedings are in the early stages, the Company cannot predict with certainty the loss or range of loss, if any, related to such matters, how or if such matters will be resolved, when they will ultimately be resolved, or what the eventual settlement, fine, penalty or other relief, if any, might be. Subject to the foregoing, and except for the pending matters described in the paragraphs below, the Company believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of the pending matters will not have a material adverse effect on the condensed consolidated financial condition of the Company, although the outcome of such matters could be material to the Company’s operating results and cash flows for a particular future period, depending on, among other things, the level of the Company’s revenues or income for such period. Legal reserves have been established in accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” (“SFAS No. 5”). Once established, reserves are adjusted when there is more information available or when an event occurs requiring a change.
Coleman Litigation. On May 8, 2003, Coleman (Parent) Holdings Inc. (“CPH”) filed a complaint against the Company in the Circuit Court of the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit for Palm Beach County, Florida. The complaint relates to the 1998 merger between The Coleman Company, Inc. (“Coleman”) and Sunbeam, Inc. (“Sunbeam”). The complaint, as amended, alleges that CPH was induced to agree to the transaction with Sunbeam based on certain financial misrepresentations, and it asserts claims against the Company for aiding and abetting fraud, conspiracy and punitive damages. Shortly before trial, which commenced in April 2005, the trial court granted, in part, a motion for entry of a default judgment against the Company and ordered that portions of CPH’s complaint, including those setting forth CPH’s primary allegations against the Company, be read to the jury and deemed established for all purposes in the action. In May 2005, the jury returned a verdict in favor of CPH and awarded CPH $604 million in compensatory damages and $850 million in punitive damages. On June 23, 2005, the trial court issued a final judgment in favor of CPH in the amount of $1,578 million, which includes prejudgment interest and excludes certain payments received by CPH in settlement of related claims against others.
On June 27, 2005, the Company filed a notice of appeal with the District Court of Appeal for the Fourth District of Florida (the “Court of Appeal”) and posted a supersedeas bond, which automatically stayed execution of the
| 24 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
judgment pending appeal. Included in cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations or segregated under federal and other regulations or requirements in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition is $1,840 million of money market deposits that have been pledged to obtain the supersedeas bond. The Company filed its initial brief in support of its appeal on December 7, 2005, and, on June 28, 2006, the Court of Appeal heard oral argument. The Company’s appeal sought to reverse the judgment of the trial court on several grounds and asked that the case be remanded for entry of a judgment in favor of the Company or, in the alternative, for a new trial. On March 21, 2007, the Court of Appeal issued an opinion reversing the trial court’s award for compensatory and punitive damages and remanding the case to the trial court for entry of a judgment for the Company. The opinion will become final upon disposition of any timely filed motions for rehearing.
Until the March 21, 2007 opinion becomes final, the Company is maintaining a reserve for the Coleman litigation. The reserve is presently $360 million, which the Company believes to be a reasonable estimate, under SFAS No. 5, of the low end of the range of its probable exposure in the event the Court of Appeal’s March 21, 2007 opinion is reversed or modified as a result of further appellate proceedings and the case remanded for a new trial. If the trial court’s compensatory and/or punitive awards are ultimately upheld on appeal, in whole or in part, the Company may incur an additional expense equal to the difference between the amount affirmed on appeal (and post-judgment interest thereon) and the amount of the reserve. While the Company cannot predict with certainty the amount of such additional expense, such additional expense could have a material adverse effect on the condensed consolidated financial condition of the Company and/or the Company’s or Institutional Securities’ operating results and cash flows for a particular future period, and the upper end of the range could exceed $1.4 billion.
Income Taxes. For information on contingencies associated with income tax examinations, see Note 17.
| 9. | Derivative Contracts. |
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into a variety of derivative contracts related to financial instruments and commodities. The Company uses these instruments for trading and investment purposes, as well as for asset and liability management. These instruments generally represent future commitments to swap interest payment streams, exchange currencies, or purchase or sell commodities and other financial instruments on specific terms at specified future dates. Many of these products have maturities that do not extend beyond one year, although swaps, options and equity warrants typically have longer maturities. For further discussion of these matters, refer to Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2006, included in the Form 10-K.
Future changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates or the fair values of the financial instruments, commodities or indices underlying these contracts ultimately may result in cash settlements exceeding fair value amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The amounts in the following table represent the fair value of exchange traded and OTC options and other contracts (including interest rate, foreign exchange, and other forward contracts and swaps) for derivatives for trading and investment and for asset and liability management, net of offsetting positions in situations where netting is appropriate. The asset amounts are not reported net of non-cash collateral, which the Company obtains with respect to certain of these transactions to reduce its exposure to credit losses.
Credit risk with respect to derivative instruments arises from the failure of a counterparty to perform according to the terms of the contract. The Company’s exposure to credit risk at any point in time is represented by the fair value of the contracts reported as assets. The Company monitors the creditworthiness of counterparties to these transactions on an ongoing basis and requests additional collateral when deemed necessary.
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25 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
The Company’s derivatives (both listed and OTC) at February 28, 2007 and November 30, 2006 are summarized in the table below, showing the fair value of the related assets and liabilities by product:
| At February 28, 2007 | At November 30, 2006 | |||||||||||
|
Product Type |
Assets | Liabilities | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||
|
Interest rate and currency swaps, interest rate options, credit derivatives and other fixed income securities contracts |
$ | 19,300 | $ | 13,284 | $ | 19,444 | $ | 15,688 | ||||
|
Foreign exchange forward contracts and options |
4,354 | 4,610 | 7,325 | 7,725 | ||||||||
|
Equity securities contracts (including equity swaps, warrants and options) |
16,409 | 23,421 | 16,705 | 23,155 | ||||||||
|
Commodity forwards, options and swaps |
10,889 | 10,259 | 11,969 | 10,923 | ||||||||
|
Total |
$ | 50,952 | $ | 51,574 | $ | 55,443 | $ | 57,491 | ||||
| 10. | Segment Information. |
The Company structures its segments primarily based upon the nature of the financial products and services provided to customers and the Company’s management organization. The Company provides a wide range of financial products and services to its customers in each of its business segments: Institutional Securities, Global Wealth Management Group, Asset Management and Discover. For further discussion of the Company’s business segments, see Note 1. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior-period amounts to conform to the current period’s presentation.
Revenues and expenses directly associated with each respective segment are included in determining their operating results. Other revenues and expenses that are not directly attributable to a particular segment are allocated based upon the Company’s allocation methodologies, generally based on each segment’s respective net revenues, non-interest expenses or other relevant measures.
As a result of treating certain intersegment transactions as transactions with external parties, the Company includes an “Intersegment Eliminations” category to reconcile the segment results to the Company’s consolidated results. Income before taxes in Intersegment Eliminations primarily represents the effect of timing differences associated with the revenue and expense recognition of commissions paid by Asset Management to the Global Wealth Management Group associated with sales of certain products and the related compensation costs paid to the Global Wealth Management Group’s global representatives.
Selected financial information for the Company’s segments is presented below:
|
Three Months Ended February 28, 2007 |
Institutional Securities |
Global Wealth Management Group |
Asset Management |
Discover |
Intersegment Eliminations |
Total | ||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net revenues excluding net interest |
$ | 6,838 | $ | 1,354 | $ | 907 | $ | 632 | $ | (62 | ) | $ | 9,669 | |||||||
|
Net interest |
793 | 136 | (2 | ) | 393 | 9 | 1,329 | |||||||||||||
|
Net revenues |
$ | 7,631 | $ | 1,490 | $ | 905 | $ | 1,025 | $ | (53 | ) | $ | 10,998 | |||||||
|
Income from continuing operations before losses from unconsolidated investees and income taxes |
$ | 3,031 | $ | 220 | $ | 236 | $ | 372 | $ | 5 | $ | 3,864 | ||||||||
|
Losses from unconsolidated investees |
43 | — | — | 1 | — | 44 | ||||||||||||||
|
Provision for income taxes |
942 | 83 | 96 | 138 | 2 | 1,261 | ||||||||||||||
|
Income from continuing operations(1) |
$ | 2,046 | $ | 137 | $ | 140 | $ | 233 | $ | 3 | $ | 2,559 | ||||||||
| 26 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
|
Three Months Ended February 28, 2006(2) |
Institutional Securities |
Global Wealth Management Group |
Asset Management |
Discover |
Intersegment Eliminations |
Total | ||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net revenues excluding net interest |
$ | 4,927 | $ | 1,178 | $ | 702 | $ | 734 | $ | (72 | ) | $ | 7,469 | |||||||
|
Net interest |
624 | 88 | 3 | 355 | 13 | 1,083 | ||||||||||||||
|
Net revenues |
$ | 5,551 | $ | 1,266 | $ | 705 | $ | 1,089 | $ | (59 | ) | $ | 8,552 | |||||||
|
Income from continuing operations before losses from unconsolidated investees and income taxes |
$ | 1,775 | $ | 15 | $ | 172 | $ | 479 | $ | 19 | $ | 2,460 | ||||||||
|
Losses from unconsolidated investees |
68 | — | — | 1 | — | 69 | ||||||||||||||
|
Provision for income taxes |
531 | 6 | 67 | 178 | 7 | 789 | ||||||||||||||
|
Income from continuing operations(1) |
$ | 1,176 | $ | 9 | $ | 105 | $ | 300 | $ | 12 | $ | 1,602 | ||||||||
|
Net Interest |
Institutional Securities |
Global Wealth Management Group |
Asset Management |
Discover |
Intersegment Eliminations |
Total | ||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended February 28, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
Interest and dividends |
$ | 13,961 | $ | 274 | $ | 13 | $ | 680 | $ | (114 | ) | $ | 14,814 | |||||||
|
Interest expense |
13,168 | 138 | 15 | 287 | (123 | ) | 13,485 | |||||||||||||
|
Net interest |
$ | 793 | $ | 136 | $ | (2 | ) | $ | 393 | $ | 9 | $ | 1,329 | |||||||
| Three Months Ended February 28, 2006(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
Interest and dividends |
$ | 9,789 | $ | 203 | $ | 5 | $ | 586 | $ | (39 | ) | $ | 10,544 | |||||||
|
Interest expense |
9,165 | 115 | 2 | 231 | (52 | ) | 9,461 | |||||||||||||
|
Net interest |
$ | 624 | $ | 88 | $ | 3 | $ | 355 | $ | 13 | $ | 1,083 | ||||||||
|
Total Assets(2)(3) |
Institutional Securities |
Global Wealth Management Group |
Asset Management |
Discover | Intersegment Eliminations |
Total | ||||||||||||||
| (dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
At February 28, 2007 |
$ | 1,126,190 | $ | 20,661 | $ | 5,674 | $ | 29,583 | $ | (47 | ) | $ | 1,182,061 | |||||||
|
At November 30, 2006 |
$ | 1,066,238 | $ | 21,166 | $ | 4,947 | $ | 28,897 | $ | (56 | ) | $ | 1,121,192 | |||||||
| (1) | See Note 15 for a discussion of discontinued operations. |
| (2) | Certain reclassifications have been made to prior-period amounts to conform to the current period’s presentation. |
| (3) | Corporate assets have been fully allocated to the Company’s business segments. |
| 11. | Variable Interest Entities. |
FASB Interpretation No. 46, as revised (“FIN 46R”), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” applies to certain entities in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties (“variable interest entities”). Variable interest entities are required to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if they do not effectively disperse risks among parties involved. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party that absorbs a majority of the entity’s expected losses, receives a majority of its expected residual returns, or both, as a result of holding variable interests. The Company is involved with various entities in the normal course of business that may be deemed to be VIEs and may hold interests therein, including debt securities, interest-only strip investments and derivative instruments that may be considered variable interests. Transactions associated with these entities include asset- and mortgage-backed securitizations and
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27 |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
structured financings (including collateralized debt, bond or loan obligations and credit-linked notes). The Company engages in these transactions principally to facilitate client needs and as a means of selling financial assets. The Company consolidates entities in which it is deemed to be the primary beneficiary. For those entities deemed to be qualifying special purpose entities (as defined in SFAS No. 140), which includes the credit card asset securitization master trusts (see Note 4), the Company does not consolidate the entity.
The Company purchases and sells interests in entities that may be deemed to be VIEs in the ordinary course of its business. As a result of these activities, it is possible that such entities may be consolidated and deconsolidated at various points in time. Therefore, the Company’s variable interests described below may not be held by the Company at the end of future quarterly reporting periods.
At February 28, 2007, in connection with its Institutional Securities business, the aggregate size of VIEs, including financial asset-backed securitization, mortgage-backed securitization, collateralized debt obligation, credit-linked note, structured note, municipal bond trust, loan issuing, commodities monetization, equity-linked note, equity fund and exchangeable trust entities, for which the Company was the primary beneficiary of the entities was approximately $33.5 billion, which is the carrying amount of the consolidated assets recorded as Financial instruments owned that are collateral for the entities’ obligations. The nature and purpose of these entities that the Company consolidated were to issue a series of notes to investors that provides the investors a return based on the holdings of the entities. These transactions were executed to facilitate client investment objectives. The structured note, equity-linked note, equity fund, certain credit-linked note, certain collateralized debt obligation, certain mortgage-backed securitization, certain financial asset-backed securitization and municipal bond transactions also were executed as a means of selling financial assets. The Company consolidates those entities where it holds either the entire class or a majority of the class of subordinated notes or entered into a derivative instrument with the VIE, which bears the majority of the expected losses or receives a majority of the expected residual returns of the entities. The Company accounts for the assets held by the entities as Financial instruments owned and the liabilities of the entities as Other secured financings.
At February 28, 2007, also in connection with its Institutional Securities business, the aggregate size of the entities for which the Company holds significant variable interests, which consist of subordinated and other classes of beneficial interests, derivative instruments, limited partnership investments and secondary guarantees, was approximately $40.7 billion. The Company’s variable interests associated with these entities, primarily credit-linked note, structured note, loan and bond issuing, collateralized debt, loan and bond obligation, financial asset-backed securitization, mortgage-backed securitization and tax credit limited liability entities, including investments in affordable housing tax credit funds and underlying synthetic fuel production plants, were approximately $21.0 billion consisting primarily of senior beneficial interests, which represent the Company’s maximum exposure to loss at February 28, 2007. The Company may hedge the risks inherent in its variable interest holdings, thereby reducing its exposure to loss. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss does not include the offsetting benefit of any financial instruments that the Company utilizes to hedge these risks.
| 12. | Guarantees. |
The Company has certain obligations under certain guarantee arrangements, including contracts and indemnification agreements that contingently require a guarantor to make payments to the guaranteed party based on changes in an underlying measure (such as an interest or foreign exchange rate, security or commodity price, an index or the occurrence or non-occurrence of a specified event) related to an asset, liability or equity security of a guaranteed party. Also included as guarantees are contracts that contingently require the guarantor to make payments to the guaranteed party based on another entity’s failure to perform under an agreement, as well as indirect guarantees of the indebtedness of others. The Company’s use of guarantees is disclosed below by type of guarantee:
| 28 | ![]() |
MORGAN STANLEY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)
Derivative Contracts. Certain derivative contracts meet the accounting definition of a guarantee, including certain written options, contingent forward contracts and credit default swaps. Although the Company’s derivative arrangements do not specifically identify whether the derivative counterparty retains the underlying asset, liability or equity security, the Company has disclosed information regarding all derivative contracts that could meet the accounting definition of a guarantee. The maximum potential payout for certain derivative contracts, such as written interest rate caps and written foreign currency options, cannot be estimated, as increases in interest or foreign exchange rates in the future could possibly be unlimited. Therefore, in order to provide information regarding the maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required to make under certain derivative contracts, the notional amount of the contracts has been disclosed.
The Company records all derivative contracts at fair value. For this reason, the Company does not monitor its risk exposure to such derivative contracts based on derivative notional amounts; rather, the Company manages its risk exposure on a fair value basis. Aggregate market risk limits have been established, and market risk measures are routinely monitored against these limits. The Company also manages its exposure to these derivative contracts through a variety of risk mitigation strategies, including, but not limited to, entering into offsetting economic hedge positions. The Company believes that the notional amounts of the derivative contracts generally overstate its exposure.